Certified Pediatric Nurse (CPN)

For a child presenting with symptomatic pyloric stenosis, the nurse would primarily assess for which of the following?

1. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances

2. Excessive weight gain

3. Skin rashes or lesions

4. Respiratory distress

The correct answer is: Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances

In the case of a child with symptomatic pyloric stenosis, the primary concern is often related to nutritional status and fluid balance due to the condition’s effects. Pyloric stenosis leads to gastric outlet obstruction, which results in projectile vomiting, poor feeding, and inability to gain weight. These symptoms can swiftly lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances as the body struggles to maintain hydration and proper levels of essential electrolytes due to the frequent vomiting. The presence of dehydration in these patients can manifest through signs such as lethargy, decreased skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, and oliguria. Also, electrolyte imbalances can develop, primarily from the loss of hydrochloric acid (leading to metabolic alkalosis) and the depletion of essential electrolytes like potassium and sodium. Therefore, assessing hydration status and monitoring for signs of electrolyte imbalance are critical components of managing a child with pyloric stenosis. Other options do not align with the primary concerns related to pyloric stenosis. Excessive weight gain is unlikely, as children with this condition typically exhibit weight loss or failure to thrive. Skin rashes or lesions are not directly associated with pyloric stenosis and would not be the focal point of assessment in this context. Similarly, while respiratory distress