Certified Pediatric Nurse (CPN)

If a 2-year-old has swallowed an unknown substance, what should the nurse instruct the mother to do?

1. Give milk

2. Give water

3. Give syrup of ipecac

4. Make child NPO and avoid induction of vomiting

The correct answer is: Make child NPO and avoid induction of vomiting

In the scenario where a 2-year-old has swallowed an unknown substance, the most appropriate instruction for the nurse to give is to make the child NPO (nothing by mouth) and avoid inducing vomiting. This recommendation is critically important primarily because the contents of the substance ingested are unknown, and stimulating vomiting may increase the risk of aspiration—where the vomit could enter the lungs—increasing the possibility of serious complications such as aspiration pneumonia. Additionally, certain substances can cause further harm if they are regurgitated rather than absorbed, meaning that immediate intervention or seeking medical help is essential. It is also crucial to avoid giving anything by mouth, including water or milk, as they can alter the absorption of the substance or may not be appropriate depending on what was ingested. This careful approach ensures that the child receives the necessary evaluation and treatment from healthcare professionals who are equipped to manage such situations safely. In summary, directing the mother to keep the child NPO and refrain from inducing vomiting prioritizes the child's safety and allows healthcare providers to assess and treat the situation without delay or additional risk.